Indonesian Journal of Educational Development (IJED)

IMPLEMENTATION OF JEAN PEAGET’S THEORY OF CONTRUCTIVISM IN LEARNING : A LITERATURE REVIEW

Erawati Ni Ketut

The theory of constructivism, developed by Jean Piaget, emphasizes that knowledge is constructed through directexperience and social interaction. The implementation of constructivist principles in learning aims to create an environment that supports students' active exploration and deep understanding. This article examines various methods of applying Jean Piaget's theory in educational contexts, including problem-based learning, projects, hands-on experiments, and group discussions. The method used in this research is a literature review by reviewing several relevant literature studies related to constructivist learning. Where this learning was initially teacher-centered, constructivism has become student-centered to help them better understand abstract concepts. Although there are challenges in implementation such as teacher readiness and limited resources, the application of constructivism theory provides an opportunity to create a more meaningful and effective learning experience. The result of the literature review is that Jean Piaget's theory of constructivism in learning provides a strong framework for enhancing the learning experience, so by applying these principles, educators can create a more effective learning environment and holistically support students' cognitive development.

The Role of Heads of Department (HODs) in instructional leadership towards English learner performance in Mogalakwena district

Mokgaetji Jermina Lebelo

This study investigates the instructional leadership of Heads of Department (HOD) in the teaching of English as well as the influence of this leadership on learner performance in schools. It focused on the HOD's views on their responsibilities in English teaching and learning in the classroom. English as a Language of Learning and Teaching (LOLT) demands that learners master the language in articulation and comprehension so that they do not struggle to understand other disciplines taught in English. Knowledge and competency in English will help learners later in their studies at a postsecondary institution. HODs serve as a link between the principal, teachers, and learners, and they play a critical role in ensuring that the English curriculum is covered and that students do well. Data was collected at five secondary schools in Limpopo Province Mogalakwena District using a qualitative study technique. The data was analysed thematically using semi-structured interviews. The primary results were that HODs had no formal preparation or training to lead the teaching and learning of English as a curricular subject. The study's suggestions include clear rules and awareness of what is required of HODs. There is a pressing need for training so that teachers can conduct the needed leadership effectively. Schools must prioritize reading culture, especially in secondary education. Students should engage in frequent reading across all subjects, not just English. This practice is crucial given the prevalence of English-taught subjects in the curriculum.

Perilaku Berbagi, Altruisme, Emp PERILAKU BERBAGI DALAM KONTEKS ALTRUISME SEBAGAI BENTUK STRATEGI MEMBANGUN EMPATI DAN SOLIDARITAS

Kadek Suhardita

Sharing behavior is a key in altruism that serves as a strategy to strengthen empathy and solidarity within the community (Guttman et al., 2016). This study investigates the relationship between sharing behavior and altruism, and its effects on the development of empathy in the community. The literature review shows that the act of sharing not only strengthens social relationships but also increases understanding between individuals (Chiu et al., 2006). When individuals engage in sharing, they tend to be more caring towards others, and create a more cooperative environment (Schor & Fitzmaurice, 2015). Sharing behavior also plays a role in strengthening group solidarity, building trust and support among community members. Studies show that communities with a strong culture of sharing are better able to face various social and economic challenges (Carleton & Hsiang, 2016). However, barriers such as stigma and mistrust can hinder participation in sharing. Therefore, it is important to design interventions that can overcome these barriers and raise awareness of the importance of sharing as a form of altruism. Thus, it can be said that sharing behavior has an important role in building empathy and solidarity, and requires collaboration from various sectors to create a more inclusive and empathetic society (Tomasello et al., 2005)

STUDENTS’ SELF-ESTEEM AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SPEAKING ABILITY AT SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN LAMPUNG

Eva Agustina Rahma

This study focuses on the relationship and influence between students' self-esteem and students' English ability. Speaking is an important language skill, especially in a global setting where English is required for success in many areas. The study's goal is to evaluate if self-esteem has a substantial influence on students' speaking ability, as well as to uncover variables that contribute to poor self-esteem. Data were collected from 10th graders at a public school in South Lampung using questionnaires, speaking exams, and interviews. Using Pearson's correlation in SPSS (version 26), a sample of 36 students yielded a correlation value of 0.446, demonstrating a modest positive association between self-esteem and speaking ability. Peer comparison, dependence on external validation, emotional responses to failure, family dynamics, social support, and instructor evaluation are all factors that influence one's self-esteem. Addressing these issues is critical for increasing students' resilience and cultivating a more positive self-image, which can lead to improved speaking ability.

The Correlation Between Student's Motivation And Their Reading Comprehension

Ketut Safitri

There are many factors that can influence reading comprehension. One of them is Motivation, Reading Motivation and Comprehension are two key aspects in creating successful readers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the Correlation between student's Motivation and Their Reading Comprehension at Eleventh grade of SMAN 1 Rajabasa and to Find out the problems faced by the student during the Reading process. 30 students of class 11 Merdeka 2 were sampled for data collecting. Data were collecting using the MRQ questionnaire, Reading Test and Interview. Pearson Product moment correlation was used to determine the correlation and strong Relation between Student's Motivation and Reading Comprehension Which was 0.685. Then, the Interview data Show there are Several Problems that students ussually faced, such as Vocabulary with double meaning and also a noisy Environment.

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Cerita Rakyat Mandailing Natal Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Marsali Berbantuan Komik Online Canva

Nikmah Hasibuan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan menguji efektivitas komik digital berbasis metode Marsali sebagai media pembelajaran interaktif dalam memperkenalkan cerita rakyat Mandailing Natal kepada siswa. Metode Research and Development (R&D) digunakan dalam penelitian ini, melibatkan lima tahapan utama: analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan komik digital yang dikembangkan dengan aplikasi Canva, serta melibatkan siswa dalam praktik Marsali, berhasil meningkatkan minat dan pemahaman mereka terhadap cerita rakyat. Dari 30 siswa yang berpartisipasi, 85% melaporkan peningkatan ketertarikan terhadap cerita rakyat setelah mempelajari komik, dan 90% merasa komik tersebut membantu dalam memahami materi. Selain itu, evaluasi juga menunjukkan peningkatan partisipasi aktif dalam diskusi kelas. Penggunaan komik digital berbasis Marsali terbukti menjadi media yang efektif dalam melestarikan budaya lokal serta memperkaya pembelajaran siswa melalui pendekatan visual dan interaktif yang relevan dengan generasi muda. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa komik digital berbasis budaya lokal dapat menjadi alat yang efektif dalam pendidikan, khususnya dalam menjaga keberlanjutan cerita rakyat dan warisan budaya di era digital.

Investigating challenges experienced by intermediate phase mathematics teachers in the implementation of formative assessments

Senzeni Sibanda

Abstract. In this empirical paper, the authors discuss the challenges experienced by the intermediate phase teachers in the implementation of formative assessments in mathematics teaching and learning. Numerous reports regarding South African learners' poor performance in mathematics necessitated the research. Challenges associated with the language of teaching and learning (LoTL) are the primary contributors of this issue. The paper is grounded in the social constructivist theory which places emphasis on the notion that learning occurs when learners are provided with opportunities to apply the cultural psychological mechanisms they utilise, that include mathematical concepts, language, and diagrams and then taught the way to apply those mechanisms as to gain an in-depth comprehension of (some) phenomenon. In this quantitative paper, the questionnaire was administered to 151 respondents to elicit information on assessment challenges. The study found that the implementation of formative assessments poses a challenge to most of the in-service teachers. Considering these findings, the study recommends that subject advisors and policy makers provide ongoing professional development for teachers regarding the implementation of formative assessments. Additionally, employ the social constructivist approach while assessing learners, particularly for projects and investigations as forms of formative assessments.

ANALYSIS OF INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM AND THE 2013 CURRICULUM

devi ranita sari devi

The 2013 curriculum is directed at knowledge, developing students' understanding, abilities, values, attitudes, and interests, so that they can do something in the form of sources. Meanwhile, the Merdeka curriculum aims to encourage learning according to students' abilities, as well as provide wider space for character development and basic competencies. In this research we used a descriptive qualitative approach method, through literature study. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing what differences there are from the 2013 curriculum and the independent curriculum, by looking at several aspects including aspects of characteristics, goals, competencies, aspects of assessment, and also related roles. The differences in the aspects studied show the approach in the aspects of the two curricula. This research aims to help the government in choosing to use to students, so that the curriculum process is better for the future. After student learning becomes maximum to conduct research we get the conclusion of government advice to make policies in the field of education that are more mature, adequate socialization, and training to teachers well before making curriculum changes. Because in the end it is the teacher who will deal directly with students to carry out learning.

Evaluating the effectiveness of monitoring financial performance in South African Public schools : insight from ungungundlovu district, KwaZulu Natal

Sanele Ngcobo

This paper seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of monitoring financial performance in South African Public schools

INCREASING STUDENT COOPERATION THROUGH A CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE TEACHING APPROACH IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS

Linda Mei Watini

This research was motivated by low student cooperation. This can be seen in the lack of student participation in groups. The aim of this research is to increase the value of student cooperation in the learning process in class. This research uses an approach Culturally responsive teaching with classroom action research methods. The research subjects were 29 class V students at SD Inpres Palupi. The data collection techniques used are observation and documentation. Based on the learning that has been carried out from the beginning of cycle I to cycle II, students' Collaboration scores have increased significantly. In the pre-cycle actions, the average value was 35.70%, in cycle 1 the average value was 57.56% and in cycle 2 it was 80.02%. The results of classroom action research concluded that action learning approaches Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) can increase student cooperation

Towards an online Teaching Practice Supervision model for Zimbabwe: Challenges and Possibilities in the context of the 4IR

Shoorai Konyana

The 21^stCentury brought with it new technologies, new knowledge and the fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). This caused fast changes to human life and the way people do work. A change in how people live and work prompts educational reforms to meet the rapid demands of changes in the workplace. Changes to the curriculum entail changes to the ways teachers are developed. Several frameworks for rethinking curriculum reforms have been debated. This study set out to establish the feasibility of an online Teaching Practice model for pre-service student teachers on teaching practice at one teacher education institution in Zimbabwe. Through the complexity theory, the study adopted a qualitative approach to gather data through teacher-educator interviews, student-teacher-focused group discussions and document analysis. The results indicate that online TP supervision would save time and financial resources. However, teacher education institutions in Zimbabwe are not yet ready for online TP supervision in terms of e-resources to support an online supervision model. The study suggests that for Zimbabwe teacher education to align itself with the demands of the 4IR era, the government through the Ministry of Higher and Tertiary Education, Innovation, Science and Technology Development and the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education should invest in e-resources to equip teacher education institutions and schools with necessary Information and Technology tools.

OPTIMIZING STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING AND NUMERACY LITERACY SKILLS THROUGH TASK-BASED LEARNING: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Bernadetha Rizki Kaize — 2024-08-12

The suboptimal critical thinking and numeracy literacy skills among students, which can impact the quality of human resources, is the reason this research aims to examine the effects of task-based learning on critical thinking and numeracy literacy. The research method used is a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent posttest-only control group design. The focus of this study is on PGSD (Elementary School Teacher Education) students enrolled in numeracy literacy courses, with a total of 120 students divided into 4 classes. Data collection was conducted through tests. Data analysis included descriptive analysis and inferential statistical analysis, with inferential analysis performed using the MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variance) method. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the task-based learning method has a significant impact both simultaneously and partially on critical thinking and numeracy literacy skills. This is evident from the higher average scores observed in the experimental class that applied this method, compared to the control class that did not use it. Therefore, it is recommended that the task-based learning method be used as a solution to address the issues related to low critical thinking and numeracy literacy skills.

South African teachers’ perceptions of learners’ human rights: Implications on classroom management

Ernest Mpindo

This interpretivist research paper discusses the teachers’ perceptions of learners’ human rights and their implications on classroom management. Since the abolishment of corporal punishment, most teachers believe that learners’ human rights are being given the most attention and due to this, classrooms are places of violence and teachers’ classroom management strategies are ineffective. This paper uses the lens of Critical Emancipatory Research (CER), which has a mission to critique and challenge, reform, and empower; it promotes social fairness and strengthens democratic ideals. This qualitative paper purposively held focus group interviews with 15 teachers in public secondary schools in the Lejweleputswa District. This paper answers two questions: What are teachers’ perceptions of learners’ human rights in school context? What implications do they have on classroom management? The data were analysed thematically. The findings demonstrate that teachers lack knowledge on human rights education. Considering the findings, this study suggests that teachers need urgent and continuous training on human rights education.

THE CHALLENGES HINDERING THE INTEGRATION OF PED-AGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE WITH TECHNOLOGY TO SUPPORT IT TEACHERS

Matsolo Mokhampanyane

This empirical paper discusses the challenges hindering the integration of technological pedagogical content knowledge in education. The integration of technology in schools is a challenge since teachers lack digital skills which greatly affect learners’ academic performance. The study employed Critical Emancipatory Research (CER) as a theory that advocates empowerment, social justice, and social inclusion for teachers who lack digital skills to integrate technology in the classroom. Data was generated using focus group discussion (FGD) through participatory action research (PAR). A total of 24 co-researchers from two groups consisting of 11 and 13 respectively engaged in FGD and responded to the two questions; what challenges hinder the integration of technological pedagogical content knowledge, and which strategies could assist in advancing the integration of technology in schools? The study findings indicated that teachers lack digital skills, educational resources, and a lack of computer labs and libraries. Based on the findings the study suggests that teachers be capacitated with digital skills through continuous professional development; schools are equipped with educational digital resources through sponsorships and the Department of Basic Education to advance schools by building computer labs and libraries to enhance the integration of technology as a strategy.

INTERACTIVE E-MODULES ASSISTED BY GOOGLE SITES IN EFL: ITS EFFECT ON STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING AND LEARNING ENGAGEMENT

Kadek Ratnawati — 2024-08-12

This study explores how interactive e-modules utilizing Google Sites affect high school students' critical thinking and involvement in EFL classrooms. Using a mixed-methods approach, it compares an experimental group utilizing e-modules to a control group that uses textbooks. The results revealed considerable gains in critical thinking and engagement in the experimental group. Qualitative evidence showed that these students were more engaged and collaborative. The study indicates that interactive e-modules may assist in creating a more dynamic learning environment, and it recommends integrating them into teaching techniques and investing in appropriate technology. Future studies ought to investigate the long-term impacts of these instruments.

UNRAVELLING THE MOTIVATIONAL FORCES BEHIND PURSUING A POSTGRADUATE DEGREE IN ENGLISH EDUCATION

Iwony Dwi Kristiana — 2024-08-12

This study investigated the motivations of fresh graduate student pursue their postgraduate study in the English Education Master Program at Sanata Dharma University. The objectives of the study are the to examine the psychological needs, intrinsic factors, and extrinsic factors to develop their study. The main research instruments in this study are semi-structured interviews, which are conducted using a qualitative methodology. The findings revealed that the psychological needs related to the reason for pursuing postgraduate study, participants expressed a desire for control over their educational choices and the importance of feeling competent in their field. The study also finds out intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as skill development, enhanced career prospects, and meeting personal needs, students are encouraged to pursue a graduate degree. The results show that intrinsic motivation, environmental factors, and professional orientation play an important role in students' decisions to pursue a postgraduate education. Although this study provides valuable insights, there are limitations in generalizing the findings to just the population studied. Suggestion for further research involving broader samples and more in-depth analysis is needed to understand the impact of motivation on graduate students' academic and career performance.

Character and Value Building Through Provision of Quality Education in Ondo State Secondary School

Babatunde Akingunloye

This study examines the positive traits of student character in schools, emphasizing punctuality, attendance, collaboration, honesty, and respect. Result revealed that students arrive early (mean = 3.71, SD = 1.12) and attend classes regularly (mean = 3.80, SD = 1.03). Collaboration and helping behavior are notable, though with greater variability (means = 3.47 and 3.53, SDs = 1.16 and 1.13). High levels of honesty (mean = 3.71, SD = 1.12) and respect for authority (mean = 3.87, SD = 0.93) are consistent. Resilience (mean = 3.41, SD = 1.08) and adherence to school hours (mean = 3.24, SD = 1.24) show more variability. Staff role model behavior significantly influences student character development, with high punctuality (mean = 3.87, SD = 0.93) and classroom attendance (mean = 3.78, SD = 1.02). Teachers exhibit confidence (mean = 3.67, SD = 1.07), approachability (mean = 3.59, SD = 1.04), and integrity (mean = 3.71, SD = 1.12). Parental support is crucial, promoting punctuality (mean = 3.62, SD = 1.07) and discipline (mean = 3.59, SD = 1.04). School regulatory measures ensure strict rule adherence, staff punctuality (mean = 3.62, SD = 1.07), and effective disciplinary committees (mean = 3.67, SD = 1.07). The findings showed the importance of cohesive efforts by students, staff, and parents in fostering positive character traits and values in school settings. The study concluded by providing information on ways by which quality education can be achieved in the nation’s education sector.

NECROPHILIA IS CONCEALED BUT NOT AN UNCOMMON SEXUAL DEVIATION: CONTRIBUTING FACTORS AND THE WAY FORWARD AMONG SELECTED MORTUARY WORKERS

TOSIN EMMANUEL AKINDUYO

Across the world, evidence is emerging that sexual deviations are common across so many societies. The study investigated necrophilia as a concealed but not an uncommon sexual deviation; contributing factors and the way forward among selected mortuary workers. This qualitative study used interpretive phenomenological design. Data were collected from ten (10) mortuary workers who both worked at privately and government/publicly owned morgues in Kwara-State, Nigeria. Participants were judgmentally selected for the purpose of this study by revealing their lived experiences. A semi-structured interview was used as a data collection method. Data analysis was done through content analysis technique. This study showed mental stress, substance use, avoidance of responsibilities and ritualism were the chief contributory factors to necrophilia. Among other recommendations, constant programmes that will cater for the mental health of mortuary workers should be enforced

PENGGUNAAN MEDIA BARANG BEKAS OLEH GURU DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MUSIK RITMIK SISWA KELAS X SMK NEGERI 3 SUKAWATI TAHUN AJARAN 2024

Padma Wahini

A B S T R A K

Selain memberikan pengalaman bermusik kepada anak-anak, pengajaran dan pembelajaran musik di sekolah secara alami juga menumbuhkan kreativitas siswa. Secara umum, komponen musik dibagi menjadi dua kategori besar: unsur ekspresif, yang meliputi tempo, dinamika, dan timbre, dan unsur primer, yang meliputi ritme, melodi, harmoni, dan bentuk atau struktur lagu. Cara musik mengatur durasinya adalah melalui ritme. Ritme yang berbeda berhubungan dengan panjang nada yang bervariasi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana materi, proses atau metode serta hasil dan respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran musik ritme menggunakan barang bekas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data melalui teknik observasi, wawancara, studi lieratur, dan dokumentasi. Data tersebut diolah kemudian dianalisis untuk memperoleh pengertian dan makna dalam memecahkan permasalahan yang ada pada pertanyaan penelitian. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode seperti ceramah disertai tanya jawab, metode imitasi (Kodaly), metode demontrasi, dan metode drill atau latihan. Hasil dan evaluasi dari pembelajaran musik ritmik menggunakan barang bekas didapatkan sebagian besar siswa menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman tentang ritme dan tempo setelah terlibat dalam aktivitas praktis, siswa menunjukkan tingkat kreativitas yang tinggi dalam mendaur ulang barang bekas menjadi alat musik pembelajaran ini juga berhasil meningkatkan kesadaran siswa tentang pentingnya daur ulang.

Kata kunci : Pembelajaran Ritmik, Media Barang Bekas, Evaluasi Siswa

A B S T R A C T

Music learning at school is a teaching and learning process that provides musical experiences and of course develops students' creativity. Basically, musical elements are grouped into two large groups, namely the main elements consisting of rhythm, melody, harmony, song form or structure, and expression elements consisting of tempo, dynamics and timbre. Rhythm is music's way of organizing the duration of music, different rhythms indicate the length of the note. The aim of this research is to find out what the materials, processes or methods are as well as the results and responses of students to learning rhythmic music using used materials. The research method used is descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach. Data collection uses observation techniques, interviews, literature studies and documentation. The data is processed and then analyzed to obtain understanding and meaning in solving the problems in the research questions. This research uses methods such as lectures accompanied by questions and answers, the imitation method (Kodaly), the demonstration method, and the drill or practice method. The results and evaluation of learning rhythmic music using used items found that most students showed an increased understanding of rhythm and tempo after being involved in practical activities, students showed a high level of creativity in recycling used items into musical instruments. This learning also succeeded in increasing students' awareness of the importance recycle.

Transforming English Learning for Middle School Students: An Systematic Literature Review on AI-Powered ELSA Speak for Mastery of Grammar and Speaking

Abiyudha Widyadhana

In the era of globalization, mastering English has
become a basic need. However, many high school students still
have problems with grammar, conversation skills, and
pronunciation. ELSA Speak, an AI-based English learning
application, is an innovative solution to overcome this obstacle.
This research uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR)
method to collect and analyze evidence comprehensively from
various sources. From the 18 articles analyzed show that ELSA
Speak is effective in improving these three aspects. This app
helps students identify and correct grammatical errors through
real time feedback and structured exercises. Through interactive
conversation exercises and simulations of real-life situations,
students can also increase their confidence in speaking English.
Besides that, ELSA Speak helps students improve their
pronunciation with speech recognition technology and accurate
feedback. This program offers several advantages over
traditional learning methods, including personalization,
accessibility, and engagement. Learning is tailored to the needs
and learning styles of each student. Accessibility allows students to learn anytime and anywhere via
smartphone and computer applications. Gamification and interactive elements make learning English more
interesting and fun. In conclusion, with its effectiveness and superiority, ELSA Speak is a recommended
English learning tool for high school students.